Antti Pinomaa received his M.Sc. and D.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland, in 2009 and 2013, respectively. Since 2014 he has worked as post-doctoral researcher, and since 2022 as Associate Professor (non-tenure) in the Laboratory of Electicity Markets and Power Systems, Electrical Engineering, School of Energy Systems at Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT. His research interests include DC distribution, smart grid, and both grid-connected and off-grid micro grids, as well as those applications and information and communication technologies, including wireless 4th and 5th generation mobile networks; 4G & 5G.